Flap Breast Reconstruction: Latissimus Dorsi Technique

For patients who would prefer not to use breast implants to replace lost breast tissue, flap breast reconstruction after mastectomy is an excellent alternative. The flap consists of skin, muscle, fat, and other tissues, which is used to create the new breast. The latissimus dorsi flap is one of several flap breast reconstruction procedures available, and each method has different benefits and risks to consider. Learn more about latissimus dorsi flap breast reconstruction and some of the reasons why this technique may, or may not, be right for you.

Latissimus Dorsi Breast Reconstruction after Mastectomy

The latissimus dorsi is the long muscle that runs beneath the armpit and diagonally across the back; when you raise your arm, the muscle can be felt along the side of the rib cage. Because of this muscle's proximity to the chest area, utilizing tissue from this region for breast reconstruction after mastectomy is a popular technique among cosmetic surgeons. Additionally, the muscle and skin flap can remain attached to its natural blood supply, making the procedure less complicated than free flap breast reconstruction surgeries such as DIEP flap and gluteal flap reconstruction.

Pedicle Flap: Tunneling Breast Reconstruction

In medicine, a pedicle refers to the part of a tissue graft that remains attached to the donor site. Because the latissimus dorsi flap is not completely disconnected from its source at any point in the reconstruction surgery, it is therefore classified as a “pedicle flap.” During latissimus dorsi flap breast reconstruction, a tunnel is created beneath the skin from the back muscle to the breast area. Through this tunnel the surgeon transfers the flap; the few blood vessels that must be cut during the procedure are then reconnected with microsurgery. Once the flap is in place, the surgeon forms the tissue into the desired shape and sutures it into position. Finally, the back and chest incisions are closed and recovery from breast reconstruction begins. Because the musculature of the back is slightly diminished after surgery, some patients are left with minor asymmetry, though back strength and function are rarely affected.

Considerations for Latissimus Dorsi Flap Patients

Breast reconstruction after mastectomy often helps patients feel more confident and “normal” – for many women, the loss of a breast translates into a diminished sense of femininity. With so many advanced surgical techniques to choose from, patients can be both hopeful and confused. They may have important questions about breast reconstruction, and need answers that will equip them to make an informed decision.

Patients considering latissimus dorsi flap breast reconstruction should know that the procedure leaves scarring at the donor site (on the back), and it does require significant recovery time. However, because the patient’s own skin and muscle are being used, no foreign materials are placed into the body. Additionally, breasts reconstructed using flaps tend to feel more natural than those created with implants. Results of breast reconstruction after mastectomy do vary, but the benefits of the surgery often give women the aesthetic satisfaction and confidence they desire.

Speaking with other women who have undergone the procedure and discussing all options with a breast reconstruction specialist are two ways of preparing for surgery and knowing what to expect from breast reconstruction.

Speak with a Plastic Surgeon in Your Area

If you would like to learn more about the latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction technique, the benefits of surgery, or any other aspect of flap breast reconstruction after mastectomy, it is essential that you speak with an experienced plastic surgeon. To locate a breast surgeon in your area, search the DocShop directory of cosmetic and reconstructive specialists today.