Tubal Obstruction

It is estimated that up to 25 percent of all infertility cases are due to an obstruction of the fallopian tubes. Tubal factor infertility may be due to a blockage, scarring, or damage in one or both fallopian tubes which makes becoming pregnant difficult.

Causes of Tubal Obstruction

An obstruction in the fallopian tube prevents the egg from traveling toward the uterus, making conception impossible. The obstruction can be caused by a range of conditions, including:

• Scarring from infection, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
• Adhesions or scar tissue from previous abdominal/pelvic surgeries
• Tubal ligation
• Endometriosis
• Ectopic pregnancy

Diagnosis of Tubal Obstruction

To test for tubal obstruction, your doctor will likely perform a hysterosalpingogram (HSG), a type of x-ray examination in which a dye is injected into the fallopian tubes to determine whether they are blocked. He or she may also perform a hysterosonogram, a type of transvaginal ultrasound test, in order to view the fallopian tubes. If further diagnosis is necessary, he or she may perform laparoscopic surgery involving the insertion of a small camera through an incision in the abdomen in order to view the tubes.

Treatment for Tubal Factor Infertility

There are several procedures to treat tubal factor infertility.

• Recanalization: A procedure in which the doctor passes a tiny wire or other instrument through the uterus and into the fallopian tube to remove the blockage.
• Laparoscopy: A surgical procedure in which a small incision is made in the abdomen in order to reach the fallopian tubes. A device called a laparoscope is used to view the tubes and remove any obstructions.
• Salpingectomy: This procedure is used when only one tube is obstructed. It involves removing or sealing the damaged/blocked fallopian tube in order to give preference to the functioning tube.

If these treatments do not improve fertility, there are several infertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization, that can help a couple conceive.

Contact a Fertility Expert in Your Area

If you and your partner are having difficulty conceiving and you believe your problems are due to female factor infertility, you should speak with a fertility expert. He or she can diagnose the cause of your infertility problems and recommend the appropriate treatment. Use DocShop's national directory to find a fertility expert who can help you.