Step 5: After Embryo Transfer

The period after embryo transfer is a suspenseful time for couples.  It takes about 11 to 16 days for pregnancy to be confirmed, during which time complications can arise.  Although embryo transfer can be highly successful (resulting in live births in 54 percent of fresh embryo transfers, according to a report by the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology), couples can expect to encounter several issues during the weeks following embryo transfer.

Symptoms During Weeks One and Two

A woman may experience minor vaginal bleeding and infection in the days immediately following the procedure.  During the first two weeks after embryo transfer - during which implantation can occur - a woman should avoid alcohol consumption, limit caffeine consumption, avoid strenuous or jarring activities, and abstain from sexual intercourse.  She will probably be prescribed progesterone to keep her uterine lining in prime condition.

The Pregnancy Test

In the middle of the second week (around day 11), the woman will be given a pregnancy test.  If the test is negative, the couple typically has the option of trying again during the next menstrual cycle, using frozen eggs or embryos.  If the pregnancy test is positive, a second test will be administered to confirm the pregnancy.

After Implantation

When an embryo is successfully implanted into the uterus and pregnancy is achieved, it is a very exciting time for the couple. The couple's fertility specialist will advise them on how to protect the pregnancy through every means possible, including abstaining from alcohol and substance use and certain physical activities.  Couples should also be aware of potential risks still ahead, which can include:

• Increased chance of pregnancy with multiples - This increases a woman's risk of miscarriage(s), birth defects, premature labor and birth, heightened blood pressure, gestational diabetes, and other problems 
• Premature birth
• Lack of development, or incorrect development, of the embryo
• Miscarriage

Locate a Talented Infertility Expert

If you are considering IVF, or if you have already undergone IVF and need support, locate an infertility specialist in your area.  A physician in your area can answer your questions and provide follow-up care after your embryo transfer procedure.