Sperm Preparation Methods

Sperm preparation methods are designed to enhance sperm function and increase the chances of conception. Each of the methods below ensures the sperm are ready to be used as part of infertility treatment with IVF, artificial insemination, and other assisted reproductive technologies.

Sperm Washing

Sperm washing is a male infertility treatment that increases sperm motility by removing seminal fluid, including immobile sperm and other chemicals that can impair fertilization. Sperm washing is also a good option when the male is HIV positive because it reduces the risk of transmission to the female.

Sperm washing is accomplished by using a centrifuge to separate the sperm cells from the seminal plasma. The healthy and more mobile sperm that remain can then be used to fertilize the woman's egg cells.

There is a greater chance for pregnancy after sperm washing because it ensures only healthy, active sperm are used for fertilization.

Swim-Up Technique

The swim-up technique is widely used in fertility clinics. It is based on the fact that sperm need to swim up to reach the uterus and only the healthiest and most active sperm can do that. This preparation method involves placing a culture medium on top of semen in a tube. The healthy, active sperm swim up into the culture medium, leaving behind seminal fluid and debris such as white blood cells, dead sperm, and bacteria. As the sperm swim up to and reach this culture, they are collected and used in a fertilization treatment.

Cryopreservation

Cryopreservation of semen involves collecting and freezing sperm for later use. During this male infertility treatment, sperm is collected and mixed with a freezing medium that allows the sperm to survive the freezing process.

Some men who wish to undergo a vasectomy opt for cyropreservation treatment beforehand to ensure they have active sperm to use in the future, if need be.

Meet with a Fertility Doctor

If male infertility is affecting you and your partner's chance of having a baby, a fertility specialist can recommend the proper treatment to improve your odds of success. Use DocShop's online directory of infertility specialists to find a doctor near you.